Creating Objects

 Creating Objects

In Python, you create objects by instantiating a class. An object is an instance of a class, and it represents a specific entity with its own set of attributes and behaviors. Here's how you can create objects in Python:

### Example:

Let's consider a simple class `Person`:

```python

class Person:

    def __init__(self, name, age):

        self.name = name

        self.age = age

    def display_info(self):

        print(f"Name: {self.name}, Age: {self.age}")

```

Now, you can create objects of the `Person` class:

```python

# Creating objects

person1 = Person("Alice", 25)

person2 = Person("Bob", 30)

# Accessing attributes

print(person1.name)  # Output: Alice

print(person2.age)   # Output: 30

# Calling methods

person1.display_info()  # Output: Name: Alice, Age: 25

person2.display_info()  # Output: Name: Bob, Age: 30

```

In this example:

- The `Person` class has an `__init__` method, which is a constructor that initializes the object's attributes (`name` and `age`).

  

- The `display_info` method prints information about the person.

- Objects (`person1` and `person2`) are created by calling the class as if it were a function. The `__init__` method is automatically called to initialize the object.

- You can access the attributes of an object using dot notation (`object.attribute`).

- You can call methods on objects using dot notation (`object.method()`).

### Object Initialization:

When you create an object, the `__init__` method is called automatically. It initializes the object's attributes with the values provided during object creation.

### Multiple Objects:

You can create as many objects as needed from the same class, each representing a distinct instance of that class.

### Object Identity:

Each object has a unique identity, which you can check using the `id()` function. The identity is guaranteed to be unique and constant for the object's lifetime.

```python

print(id(person1))

print(id(person2))

```

### Customizing Object Representation:

You can customize how an object is represented as a string using the `__str__` method in the class. This method should return a string representation of the object.

```python

class Person:

    # ... (previous code)

    def __str__(self):

        return f"Person(name={self.name}, age={self.age})"

```

Now, when you print an object, it will use the custom string representation:

```python

print(person1)  # Output: Person(name=Alice, age=25)

```

This is a basic overview of creating objects in Python. The concepts of classes and objects are fundamental to object-oriented programming and play a key role in structuring code in a modular and reusable way.